La JIFE, organismo de la ONU, lamenta que las redes sociales ofrezcan nuevas oportunidades de comprar drogas y den glamour a conductas negativas
Las redes sociales son la principal fuente de información, comunicación y entretenimiento para los jóvenes, pero también representan una puerta cada vez más frecuente para acceder al consumo de drogas, alerta un órgano de la ONU.
El informe anual de la Junta Internacional de Fiscalización de Estupefacientes (JIFE), difundido en Viena, lamenta que “las plataformas digitales ofrezcan nuevas oportunidades de comprar sustancias y den glamour a conductas negativas”.
La JIFE se define como un órgano cuasi judicial formado por 13 miembros y cuyo objetivo es velar por el cumplimiento de los tratados internacionales sobre drogas.
Promoción de conductas negativas
Las redes sociales, “además de promover conductas negativas en relación con el consumo de drogas al ofrecer una imagen atractiva de ellas, dan a los consumidores la oportunidad de comprar en muchas plataformas cannabis, analgésicos sujetos a prescripción y otras sustancias”, critica la presidenta de la Junta, la india Jagjit Pavadia.
El informe destaca que esta situación afecta especialmente a personas jóvenes, los principales usuarios de esas plataformas y que, además, representan un grupo de edad con un alto índice de consumo de estupefacientes.
El pasado septiembre, la Administración para el Control de Drogas de Estados Unidos (DEA, por sus siglas en inglés) advirtió del uso que se hace de las redes sociales y de mensajería para vender drogas muy peligrosas como el fentanilo, un opiáceo sintético 50 veces más potente que la heroína.
“Se vende en medios sociales como Snapchat, Instagram y en sitios de ‘e-comercio’ en la web oscura”, aseguró entonces la directora de la DEA, Anne Milgram, quien recordó que esas aplicaciones pueden descargarse en cualquier teléfono inteligente.
La JIFE pide a los gobiernos que asuman un papel más activo para regular estas plataformas y demanda también al sector privado que se implique y restrinja cualquier promoción del consumo de drogas.
“La relación entre la exposición a las redes sociales y el consumo de drogas debería ser una señal de alerta para que los Estados asuman un papel más activo en su regulación”, indica el informe.
Y la presidenta de la JIFE agrega: “Es imprescindible hacer frente a esa situación, no solo en interés de los usuarios actuales, sino también en el de las generaciones venideras, que utilizarán esas plataformas en su vida cotidiana”.
Según Pavadia, en las redes sociales se promueven “conductas negativas”, como “la idealización del consumo de drogas”.
El dinero de las drogas
Otro de los asuntos que aborda el informe es el impacto negativo de los flujos financieros ilegales procedentes de las drogas y que van desde la corrupción y el soborno hasta el aumento de la delincuencia organizada, la violencia, la pobreza y la desigualdad.
“El tráfico de drogas es un negocio muy lucrativo para los grupos de la delincuencia organizada, y estos dependen de los flujos financieros ilícitos”, resume la presidenta de la JIFE.
Este dinero también socava el Estado de derecho, impide luchar de forma eficaz contra la pobreza y genera más inestabilidad y violencia, según el análisis de este órgano de la ONU.
Este dinero negro perjudica especialmente a los países en vías de desarrollo, restando recursos cruciales para financiar políticas públicas contra la pobreza y la desigualdad.
En África, por ejemplo, se pierden 88 mil 600 millones de dólares, aproximadamente 3.7 por ciento del Producto Interno Bruto del continente, por esos flujos de dinero ilícito.
En el informe se cita un estudio de 2011 que cifra en 1.6 billones de dólares la cantidad de dinero blanqueada en el mundo, lo que equivalía al 2.7 por ciento del PIB mundial de 2009.
La JIFE demanda reducir al mínimo las ganancias del narcotráfico y, para ello, pide más transparencia financiera a escala internacional, endurecer la legislación contra el blanqueo y una mejor cooperación internacional.
El objetivo es, según la JIFE, “reducir al mínimo las ganancias que los traficantes de drogas obtienen de esos flujos financieros ilícitos”.
En esa línea, el reporte señala la preocupación por toda una serie de nuevos instrumentos financieros opacos que dificultan rastrear el origen del dinero ilícito.
La criptomonedas y los nuevos sistemas de pago con dispositivos móviles facilitan y agilizan transferencias internacionales anónimas que pueden ser utilizadas para ocultar el origen ilegal de los fondos.
Con información de EFE
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